General :: Audio Lag In Android?

why there are so many better audio apps on iOS.

What I've learnt is that Android is much harder to write for. Generally we have both UI lag issues but also audio lag issues. Combine this too and we have significant problems for say, a keyboard app.

Now what I want to know is what is the source of this and can it be improved.

I remember this problem with linux years ago. Eventually we than had ALSA, jack and all the rest. There's a lot to fixing latency in linux:

1) Realtime kernel is useful

2) ALSA or Jack... Pulseaudio and AudioFlinger I'm not quite sure why we'd want one but not the other??

3) Then there's the OS itself and keeping the relevent process at a good priority... but not too high to freeze interactivity.

So what's the analog for Android? What do I even search for to find info? Keywords I can think of at the mo are only "Android realtime" or "android lag" and both of these only produce semi useufl results.

Here's some threads but they seem to be UI related which would not be fully related to the example of a beatboxing app, which could have no UI and be audio only and still lag: